Implement 3-2-1 Backup Strategy

Why

A comprehensive backup system is crucial for protecting your data against loss due to hardware failure, theft, ransomware, or disasters. The 3-2-1 backup strategy ensures you have multiple copies of your data in different locations, significantly reducing the risk of total data loss.

Action

• Understand the 3-2-1 backup rule:

  • 3 copies of your data (1 primary + 2 backups)
  • 2 different storage media types
  • 1 copy stored off-site

• Choose your backup solutions:

  • Primary backup (local):
    • External hard drive or Network Attached Storage (NAS)
  • Secondary backup (local, different type):
    • Another external drive or a set of high-capacity USB drives
  • Off-site backup (cloud):
    • Dedicated backup services: Backblaze, iDrive, Carbonite
    • Or use existing cloud storage: iCloud, OneDrive, Google Drive, Dropbox

• Set up automatic local backups:

  • Windows: Enable File History (Settings > Update & Security > Backup)
  • macOS: Enable Time Machine (System Preferences > Time Machine)
  • Connect an external drive and leave it plugged in for automatic daily backups
  • Alternative: Use a Network Attached Storage (NAS) for wireless backups

• Set up cloud backup:

  • Choose between dedicated backup service or cloud storage
  • Install the application and sign in
  • Select folders to backup (Documents, Desktop, Photos, etc.)
  • Enable automatic sync/backup
  • Verify encryption is enabled

• Test your backups:

  • Monthly: Restore a few random files to verify they work
  • Annually: Perform a full restore test to a spare device

• Secure your backups:

  • Encrypt local backup drives using BitLocker (Windows) or FileVault (Mac)
  • Use strong, unique passwords for cloud services
  • Enable two-factor authentication on all cloud accounts

• Create a backup schedule:

  • Continuous/Daily: Automatic cloud backups
  • Daily: Local backups (if drive stays connected)
  • Weekly: Full local backup if you disconnect drives
  • Annually: Archive important data to a separate drive stored off-site

• Document your backup system:

  • List what’s backed up and where
  • Store recovery instructions in your password manager
  • Include encryption passwords and recovery keys

Remember

Regularly review and update your backup strategy. As your data changes, ensure your backup system still covers all crucial information.